Four ways to cool the same rooms using the assumptions above
System route
Indoor / outdoor units
Cooling
Annual electricity
Annual cooling cost
Planning
4 single-split systems
4 / 4
8 kW
400 kWh
£100
Higher
One multi-split system
4 / 1
6.8 kW
429 kWh
£107
Moderate
4 portable air conditioners
4 / 0
8 kW
692 kWh
£173
Low
Air-to-water heat pump + separate cooling
4 / 2
8 kW
429 kWh
£107
Higher
4 single-split systems: what to check
Strong room-by-room control and redundancy, but the largest outdoor-unit count and visual/noise planning burden.
Grant context
Air-to-air BUS support may be relevant only where the complete installation and current scheme conditions qualify; never deduct it without installer confirmation.
Hot water
Does not heat domestic hot water.
Assumptions
Each occupied room receives its own reversible split. Illustrative seasonal cooling efficiency: 4.5.
One multi-split system: what to check
Usually the clearest permanent multi-room cooling route where outdoor space is constrained, subject to pipe runs and simultaneous-load design.
Grant context
Potential air-to-air BUS relevance depends on current eligibility, MCS design and the installation serving the required heating purpose.
Hot water
Does not heat domestic hot water.
Assumptions
A diversity factor of 85% is applied. Illustrative seasonal cooling efficiency: 4.2.
4 portable air conditioners: what to check
Avoids permanent installation, but needs safe window exhaust routes in every room and uses more electricity for the same useful cooling.
Grant context
No BUS grant assumed.
Hot water
No hot-water function and normally cooling-only.
Assumptions
One correctly vented portable unit per room. Illustrative effective cooling efficiency: 2.6.
Air-to-water heat pump + separate cooling: what to check
A whole-home heating and hot-water route, but standard radiator-based air-to-water systems do not replace room air conditioning.
Grant context
Current BUS support may apply to the eligible air-to-water heating project, not automatically to the separate cooling system.
Hot water
Can provide space heating and domestic hot water when designed with suitable storage; cooling remains a separate design decision.
Assumptions
Cooling is modelled as a separate multi-split. Heating and hot-water energy are excluded.
This is an early-stage capacity and electricity model, not a heat-loss calculation or installation quotation.
Confirm outdoor-unit positions, noise assessment and local planning conditions before ordering.
Reversible splits can heat rooms, but they do not normally provide domestic hot water.
A multi-room plan must explain which rooms are served, when they operate together and where heat, pipework, condensate and sound will go. Counting indoor units alone is not a design.
Map simultaneous demand
Bedrooms used overnight, a daytime office and a highly glazed living room may peak at different times. Record individual dimensions and exposures, then ask whether the proposed outdoor unit can serve the credible coincident load.
Compare system architecture
Several single splits can provide independent operation but require more outdoor units. A multi-split reduces outdoor-unit count but creates shared capacity and routing questions. Portable units avoid refrigerant installation but require a suitable exhaust opening in every served room.
Keep hot water separate
Air-to-air heat pumps normally do not provide domestic hot water. An air-to-water proposal may cover heating and hot water but needs a separate, explicit cooling route where cooling is required.
Limit: Indicative capacities and costs cannot replace room-by-room heat-loss and cooling-load calculations, acoustic evidence, electrical design, planning checks or a site survey.
RULES CHANGE
Planning and grant context is not a product feature.
Figures are illustrative and reviewed 10 August 2026. Confirm the current position for the nation, property and proposed installation.